Recommendations

एम.व्ही.पी. समाजाचे

के. टी. एच. एम. महाविद्यालय, नाशिक

(के.आर.टी. कला, बी.एच. वाणिज्य व ए.एम. विज्ञान महाविद्यालय.)

MVP SAMAJ'S

K.T.H.M. COLLEGE, Nashik

(K.R.T. Arts, B.H. Commerce and A.M. Science College.)

Background Scope of Work Baseline Data Environmental Issues Recommendations Audit & Reporting Team

Recommendations

5.1 Water Environment

The KTHM campus with more than 8 buildings has a high potential for the Rain Water Harvesting due to large terrace areas as well as the open surfaces (paved & unpaved areas).
Based on the geotechnical survey of the campus area, KTHM college may choose to recharge the ground water table with the rain water. If the recharging of ground water table is not feasible then, storage of rain water (only from roof top areas) can be opted. This would satisfy part requirement of the campus in the monsoon season (i.e. about 80 – 90 days in a year) and thus reducing fresh water intake during rainy days.
It is recommended to install water efficient faucets and flushing systems across the campus which would reduce the fresh water requirement of the campus.
Even though all the drain lines of the campus are connected to the common sewer line, it is suggested that if the management is looking forward to overall environmental sustainability then a Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) may be installed. This would treat & recycle the waste water within the campus and this treated waste water can further be used either for flushing or landscaping, thus further reducing fresh water requirement of the campus by 50 ‘– 60 % of the total. Such modular treatment plant can be used for environmental science student’s practical course as well.
In order to use the treated waste water for flushing a separate plumbing system is required.
It is recommended that liquid chemical waste from the laboratories should not be disposed off without any treatment.

5.2 Noise Environment

In order make campus friendly for educational purposes, the noise levels need to be reduced as directed by Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) amendment rules, 2000 and certain disciplinary measures need to be taken.
It is observed that due to the close proximity of the campus to the main road, rail station and other industrial, commercial activities, the noise pollution is high. It ranges from minimum of 50.0 dB (A) to maximum 73.6 dB (A) which is 23.6 dB (A) over the stipulated standard. This would mean students are getting exposed to high noise pollution levels within the campus due to either internal activities or external activities. This would create hurdle in learning and their overall health.
It is recommended that the campus to have noise barriers along the fence line either in terms of natural barriers such as trees or artificial barriers such as acoustic fence. A combination of both can also be used at appropriate locations.

Figure 5: Types of noise barriers

Biological noise barrier structure - trees

It is recommended that parking lots within the campus to be made strictly as no honking zones and vehicles with unwarranted vehicle silencers (mufflers) not be allowed.

5.3 Plant diversity

To maintain the college campus green and eco-friendly, more trees need to be planted. A thick green belt (of Ficus benjamina) development along the fence is strongly recommended. The plant diversity shall be maintained by avoiding the plantation of exotic plant species. A tree monitoring committee is to be established; if not present currently. The college authorities should ensure frequent meetings with the tree monitoring committee.

Carbon neutrality can be maintained on the campus by developing more greenery. The plant species that are found suitable are suggested for plantation and greenbelt development. In addition to above some flowering plants, shrubs, herbs, and climber plants species will also be planted for beautification in the campus.

Criteria for selection of tree species:

The choice of species is based on the adaptability to the site, early returns, multiple uses, complimentary role to the system and its possible role during the lean/critical periods. The key factor contributing to the success of tree planting is selection of suitable tree species. Some of the considerations for selection of tree species are:

Adaptation to local soil and agro-climate condition.
Drought resistant species that can survive long dry periods.
Multipurpose use species.
Species that can serve for soil and water conservation.
Species that help in building up soil fertility.
Species that have good coppicing ability.

For the purpose of landscaping, following eight categories are recommended.

1. Avenues – Trees to shade roads or create avenues within property.
2. Parking - Shade giving trees for open parking lots.
3. Ornamentals – the purpose indicates:
- a. Thicket – To be grown in groups to form a thick vegetated corner, centre or pocket.
- b. Isolation - To be planted singly either in corners or as central attraction.
- c. Scattered - To be planted at random to be able to appreciate its ornamental nature.
- d. Groups – To be grown in groups of 3 to 4.
4. Hedges/Edges/Screens. &ndash- :
- a. Hedges for property hedges, for demarcating areas etc.
- b. Edges for edging of small flower patches, for setting boundaries, for layering etc.
- c. Screens - Provide privacy, as screens from pollution from adjoining road or to provide shadow from south sun.
5. Ground covers - These include native lawn varieties and plant species that spread laterally and can be used to cover soil below trees etc.
6. Temple plants - Temple plants
7. Climbers - that can be used for forming trellis, etc.
8. Aquatic plants - For ponds or water bodies. Some of these plants need to be maintained by regular pruning to prevent excessive growth.

Figure 6: The native plant species suggested for plantation in the college campus.

The plant species suggested for green belt development in addition to the present one layer of vegetation on the boundary would be helpful for mitigating gases and particulate matter. It can also help in reducing noise from the heavy traffic road close to the campus will serve for long time.

List of suggested plants (an appropriate few plants can be used)

Botanical Name	Local Name	Family	Habit	Flower Color
First Row-trees (outermost)
Drypetes roxburghii	Putranjiva	Euphorbiaceae	Tree	Greenish Yellow
Holoptelea integrifolia	Wavli	Ulmaceae	Tree	Greenish
Terminalia cuneata	Arjun	Combrataceae	Tree	Yellow
Terminalia paniculata	Kinjal	Combrataceae	Tree	Greenish-white
Terminalia tomentosa	Ain	Combrataceae	Tree	White
Bambusa arundinacea	Bamboo	Poaceae	Bamboo	White, greenish
Dendrocalamus strictus	Velu	Poaceae	Bamboo	Blackish
Cordia dichotoma	Bhokar	Boraginaceae	Tree	White
Dalbergia latifolia	Shisam	Fabaceae	Tree	White
Diospyros peregrine	Tembhurni	Ebenaceae	Tree	White creamy
Garcinia indica	Kokam	Clusiaceae	Tree	Yellowish
Haldina cordifolia	Hedu	Rubiaceae	Tree	Red yellowish
Shrub Layer
Gardenia gummifera	Dikemali	Rubiaceae	Shrub	White
Ixora coccinea	Bakara	Rubiaceae	Shrub	Orange / Red
Ixora nigricans	Kat-kuda	Rubiaceae	Shrub	White
Justicia adhatoda	Adulsa	Acanthaceae	Shrub	White
Helicteres isora	Murudseng	Sterculiaceae	Shrub	Red bright
Murraya koenigii	Kadhipatta	Rutaceae	Shrub	Greenish White
Murraya paniculata	Kunti	Rutaceae	Shrub	White
Hiptage benghalensis	Madhvilata	Malpighianceae	Climber	White
Ehretia laevis	Ajan	Ehratiaceae	Tree	White
Vitex negundo	Nirgudi	Verbenaceae	Shrub	Bluish - Purple
Woodfordia fruticosa	Dhyati	Lythraceae	Shrub	Red
Gardenia resinifera	Dikemali	Rubiaceae	Shrub	White
Cassia auriculata	Tarwad	Caesalpiniaceae	Shrub	Yellow
Second Row (from outside)
Artocarpus heterophyllus	Phanas	Moraceae	Tree	Green
Azadirachta indica	Neem	Meliaceae	Tree	White
Bauhinia recemosa	Apta	Caesalpiniaceae	Tree	White
Butea monosperma	Palas	Fabaceae	Tree	Orange-red
Lagerstroemia microcarpa	Nana-bondara	Lythraceae	Tree	White
Lagerstroemia reginae	Taman	Lythraceae	Tree	Pink
Kydia calycina	Warung	Malvaceae	Tree	White
Mangifera india	Amba	Anacardiaceae	Tree	Green
Along the paths
Caryota urens	Bherali mad	Arecaceae	Tree	Red & green
Casssia fistula	Bava	Caesalpiniaceae	Tree	Yellow
Mammea surgia	Surungi	Clusiaceae	Tree	White
Phoenix sylvestris	Shindi	Arecaceae	Tree	White
Nyctanthes arbor- tristis	Parijatak	Oleaceae	Tree	White
Other Suggested Plants
Madhuca latifolia	Moha	Sapotaceae	Tree	White
Mallotus philippensis	Kumkum	Euphorbiaceae	Tree	Yellow
Manilkara hexandra	Khirni	Sapotaceae	Tree	White
Memecylon umbellatum	Anjani	Melastamaceae	Tree	Bluish - Purple
Michelia champaca	Sonchafa	Magnoliaceae	Tree	Yellow
Mimusops elengi	Bakul	Sapotaceae	Tree	White
Mitragyna parvifolia	Kadam	Rubiaceae	Tree	Red yellow
Morinda pubescens	Bartondi	Rubiaceae	Tree	White
Neolamarckia cadamba	Kadamb	Rubiaceae	Tree	White creamy
Pandanus odoratissimus	Kewada	Pandanceae	Tree	Yellow golden
Pongamia pinnata	Karanj	Fabaceae	Tree	Pinkish white
Santalum album	Chandan	Santalaceae	Tree	Brownish red
Sapindus laurifolius	Ritha	Sapindaceae	Tree	White
Semecarpus anacardium	Bibba	Anacardiaceae	Tree	Greenish white
Syzygium cumini	Jambhul	Myrtaceae	Tree	White
Thespesia populnea	ParasBhendi	Malvaceae	Tree	Yellow
Trema orientalis	Gol	Ulmaceae		White cremy

5.4 Waste Management

E - waste to be segregated and handed over only to the dealer / facility authorised by Maharashtra Pollution Control Board (MPCB);
Batteries’ waste to segregated and handed over only to the dealer authorised by Maharashtra Pollution Control Board;
It is recommended that the wet garbage to be segregated appropriately which further can be processed and treated within the campus either by using vermicomposting or biomethanation process. The fertilizer from either of the methods can further be used as manure for the landscaping within the campus. If the biomethanation is to be used to treat the wet garbage, the biogas generated from the process can be used for the canteen either for common canteen / hostel canteens.
Chemical waste (solid/ semisolid) from the laboratories not to be disposed in municipal solid waste. Based on the physic-chemical properties of the waste, it should be handed over to the MPCB authorised chemical/ hazardous waste management facility only.
High quantity of the paper waste is observed in the campus. Hence recycled paper to be used for day today printing and other activities.

5.5 Air Environment

It is recommended that only Pollution Under Control (PUC) certificate holding vehicles to be allowed in the campus.
Trees tolerant to air pollution to be planted along the fence line.
Possible air pollution (mainly of PM10 & PM2.5) may be occurring due to the biomedical waste treatment plant and / cremation centre to the north of the campus. It is suggested that a detailed air pollution study with respect to the biomedical waste treatment plant and / cremation centre and the institute campus to be carried out to identify the exact source of the air pollution and appropriate measures to be taken.

5.6 Safety Aspects

Teaching and non teaching staff to be trained for emergency situations.
Emergency exits to be established for the spaces including laboratories.
Fire extinguishers, sprinklers to be placed as per fire safety rules at appropriate locations.
Eye wash systems to be installed in all chemical laboratories.
Periodic mock drills to be conducted.
Personal Protective Equipments (PPEs) to be used at locations including chemistry laboratories to avoid any accident.
Parking safety to be followed.
Special safety features to be followed at Day school and primary school.

Acknowledgment

We acknowledge support from Dr. V. B. Gaikwad (Principal), Dr. Pravin Nalawade, Mr. Amol Kadam, _________ for gathering the information and analysis.